INTRODUCTION to the “ECOPEDOLOGICAL MAP OF THE ALPINE REGION - EXCHANGE FORMAT”

Most of the variables required in the exchange format (and their relative codes that are listed below) are taken from the Soil Geographical Database of Eurasia version 4. A new one has been added (TOP-DEP, AGRI-USE), some of them have been modified (TEXT-TOP-DOM/SEC instead of TEXT-SRF-DOM/SEC, PAR-MAT-DOM-AR/SEC) and some codes have been integrated (PAR-MAT-DOM-AR/SEC). All variations are underlined by using colors.

While all variables should be evaluated in the pixel according to the criterion of dominant STU in the pixel, the second part of the exchange format (SOIL QUALITIES AND INDICATORS) should be calculated/evaluated for the whole pixel as a total result.

The final part of the exchange format (METADATA) requires a detailed description of the sources of data and methodologies used for filling in the format.

PIXEL DESCRIPTION TABLE

Codes for the description of the parameters of the dominant STU in the pixel

PX_ID: pixel identification code. Pixel lower left coordinates ; for 1 km pixels, 9 characters, organized as following: "abcd_efgh" with "abcd" indicating the longitude in km and "efgh" indicating the latitude in km, in the ETRS_LAEA coordinate system. The ETRS_LAEA 1km grid for the alpine region with cells labeled according to the Unified European Grid Coding System, is available on web (http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/Alpsis/MainAlpine.html and http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu).

AGRI-USE

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No agricultural use
1	Agricultural use

AGLIM1 and AGLIM2: dominant and secondary limitation to agricultural use of the STU.

To be filled only when AGRI-USE code is 1

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No information
1	No limitation to agricultural use
2	Gravelly (over 35% gravel diameter < 7.5 cm)
3	Stony (presence of stones diameter > 7.5 cm, impracticable mechanisation)
4	Lithic (coherent and hard rock within 50 cm)
5	Concretionary (over 35 % concretions diameter < 7.5 cm near the surface)
6	Petrocalcic (cemented or indurated calcic horizon within 100 cm)
7	Saline (electric conductivity > 4 mS.cm^‑1 within 100 cm)
8	Sodic (Na/T > 6 % within 100 cm)
9	Glaciers and snow-caps
10	Soils disturbed by man (i.e. landfills, paved surfaces, mine spoils)
11	Fragipans
12	Excessively drained
13	Almost always flooded
14	Eroded phase, erosion
15	Phreatic phase (shallow water table)
16	Duripan (silica and iron cemented subsoil horizon)
17	Petroferric horizon
18	Permafrost

IL: depth class of a presence of an impermeable layer within the STU

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No information
1	No impermeable layer within 150 cm
2	Impermeable layer between 80 and 150 cm
3	Impermeable layer between 40 and 80 cm
4	Impermeable layer within 40 cm

ROO: depth class of an obstacle to roots within the STU. An obstacle to roots is defined as a subsoil horizon restricting root penetration. It can be of lithologic origin (lithic contact, rock fragments abundance), or pedogenic origin (fragipan, duripan, petrocalcic or petroferric horizons), or can result from the accumulation of toxic elements, or from waterlogging.

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No information
1	No obstacle to roots between 0 and 80 cm
2	Obstacle to roots between 60 and 80 cm depth
3	Obstacle to roots between 40 and 60 cm depth
4	Obstacle to roots between 20 and 40 cm depth
5	Obstacle to roots between 0 and 80 cm depth
6	Obstacle to roots between 0 and 20 cm depth

TOP-DEP: depth of topsoil of the STU (cm).

TEXT-TOP-DOM: dominant topsoil textural class of the STU, topsoil referring to the soil between the surface and the TOP-DEP value. Similar to TEXT-SRF-DOM (DB 1:1 milion, version 4) but in this variable the SRF (surface) refers to the TEX-DEP-CHG variable value.

TEXT-TOP-SEC: secondary topsoil textural class of the STU, topsoil referring to the soil between the surface and the TOP-DEP value. Similar to TEXT-SRF-SEC (DB 1:1 milion, version 4) but in this variable the SRF (surface) refers to the TEX-DEP-CHG variable value.

TEXT-SUB-DOM: dominant subsoil textural class of the STU. It is considered SUBSOIL the portion of the STU between the bottom of topsoil and the depth to obstacle for roots.

TEXT-SUB-SEC: secondary subsoil textural class of the STU.

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No information
9	No mineral texture (Peat soils, rocks, etc.)
1	Coarse (clay <18 % and sand >65 % )
2	Medium (18 % < clay < 35 % and sand > 15 %, or clay <18 % and 15 % < sand <65 %)
3	Medium fine (clay <35 % and sand <15 %)
4	Fine (35 % < clay < 60 %)
5	Very fine (clay > 60 %)

Figura 1: Texture classes (after DB 1 milion, version 4, JRC)

WM1: Code for normal presence and purpose of an existing water management system in agricultural land on more than 50% of the STU

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No information
1	Not applicable (no agriculture)
2	No water management system
3	A water management system exists to alleviate waterlogging (drainage)
4	A water management system exists to alleviate drought stress (irrigation)
5	A water management system exists to alleviate salinity (drainage)
6	A water management system exists to alleviate both waterlogging and drought stress
7	A water management system exists to alleviate both waterlogging and salinity

WM2: Code for the type of an existing water management system

CODE	DESCRIPTION
0	No information
1	Not applicable (no agriculture)
2	No water management system
3	Pumping
4	Ditches
5	Dainage pipe network
6	Mole drainage
7	Deep loosening (subsoiling)
8	Furrow irrigation
9	Flood irrigation (system of irrigation by controlled flooding as for rice)
10	Overhead sprinkler (system of irrigation by sprinkling)
11	Drip irrigation

WR: Dominant annual average soil water regime class of the the STU.

The annual average soil water regime is an estimate of the soil moisture conditions throughout the year.

CODE	WR DESCRIPTION	DRAINAGE DESCRIPTION
0	No information
1	Not wetwithin 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	well drained	Water is removed from the soil readily but not rapidly
2	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	moderately well drained	Water is removed from the soil somewhat slowly during some periods of the year. The soils are wet for short periods within rooting depth.
3	Wet within 80 cm for over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 months	imperfectly drained	Water is removed slowly so that the soils are wet at shallow depth (<40 cm) for a considerable period
4	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 months	poorly drained	Water is removed so slowly that the soils are commonly wet for considerable periods. The soils have commonly a shallow (<40 cm) water table.

Parent Material-

PAR-MAT-DOM-AR, PAR-MAT-SEC-AR: dominant and secondary parent material of the dominant STU. Similar to PAR-MAT-DOM and PAR-MAT-SEC (DB 1:1 milion, version 4) but PAR-MAT-AR-DOM and PAR-MATAR-SEC (where AR stays for Alpine Region) refer to the following list that is slightly different from the original one (DB 1:1 milion, version 4) since sub-type levels from 6112 to 6313 have been added by ARPAV.

1 Major Class level		2 Group level		3 Type level		4 Sub-type level
0000	No information	0000	No information	0000	No information	0000		No information
1000	consolidated-clastic- sedimentary rocks	1100	psephite or rudite	1110	conglomerate	1111		pudding stone
				1120	breccia
		1200	psammite or arenite	1210	sandstone	1211		calcareous sandstone
						1212		ferruginous sandstone
						1213		clayey sandstone
						1214		quartzitiic sandstone orthoquartzite
						1215		micaceous sandstone
				1220	arkose
				1230	graywacke	1231		feldspathic graywacke
		1300	pelite, lutite or argilite	1310	claystone / mudstone	1311		kaolinite
						1312		bentonite
				1320	siltstone
		1400	facies bound rock	1410	flysch	1411		sandy flisch
						1412		clayey and silty flysch
						1413		conglomeratic flysch
				1420	molasse
2000	sedimentary rocks (chemically precipitated, evaporated, or organogenic or biogenic in origin)	2100	calcareous rocks	2110	limestone	2111		hard limestone
						2112		soft limestone
						2113		marly limestone
						2114		chalky limestone
						2115		Detrital limestone
						2116		carbonaceous limestone
						2117		lacustrine or freshwater limestone
						2118		travertine/calcareous sinter
						2119		cavernous limestone
				2120	dolomite	2121		cavernous dolomite
						2122		calcareous dolomite
				2130	marlstone
				2140	marl	2141		chalk marl
						2142		gypsiferous marl
				2150	chalk
		2200	evaporites	2210	gypsum
				2220	anhydrite
				2230	halite
		2300	siliceous rocks	2310	chert, hornstone, flint
				2320	diatomite radiolarite
3000	igneous rocks	3100	acid to intermediate plutonic rocks	3110	granite
				3120	granodiorite
				3130	diorite	3131		quartz diorite
						3132		gabbro diorite
				3140	syenite	3140		syenite
		3200	basic plutonic rocks	3210	gabbro	3210		gabbro
		3300	ultrabasic plutonic rocks	3310	peridotite	3310		peridotite
				3320	pyroxenite	3320		pyroxenite
		3400	acid to intermediate volcanic rocks	3410	rhyolite	3411		obsidian
						3412		quartz porphyrite
				3420	dacite
				3430	andesite	3431		porphyrite (interm,)
				3440	phonolite	3441		tephritic phonolite
				3450	trachyte
		3500	basic to ultrabasic volcanic rocks	3510	basalt
				3520	diabase
				3530	pikrite
		3600	dike rocks	3610	aplite
				3620	pegmatite
				3630	lamprophyre
		3700	pyroclastic rocks (tephra)	3710	tuff/tuffstone	3711		agglomeratic tuff
						3712		block tuff
						3713		lapilli tuff
				3720	tuffite	3721		sandy tuffite
						3722		silty tuffite
						3723		clayey tuffite
				3730	volcanic scoria/ volcanic breccia
				3740	volcanic ash
				3750	ignimbrite
				3760	pumice
4000	metamorphic rocks	4100	weakly metamorphic rocks	4110	(meta-)shale / argilite
				4120	slate	4121		graphitic slate
		4200	acid regional metamorphic rocks	4210	(meta-)quartzite	4211		quartzite schist
				4220	phyllite
				4230	micaschist
				4240	gneiss
				4250	granulite (sensu stricto)
				4260	migmatite
		4300	basic regional metamorphic rocks	4310	greenschist	4311		prasinite
						4312		chlorite
						4313		talc schist
				4320	amphibolite
				4330	eclogite
		4400	ultrabasic regional metamorphic rocks	4410	serpentinite	4411		greenstone
		4500	calcareous regional metamorphic rocks	4510	marble
				4520	calcschist, skam
		4600	rocks formed by contact metamorphism	4610	contact slate	4611		nodular slate
				4620	hornfels
				4630	calsilicate rocks
		4700	tectogenetic or cataclasmic metamorphic rocks	4710	tectonic breccia
				4720	cataclasite
				4730	mylonite
5000	unconsolidated deposits (alluvium, weathering residuum and slope deposits)	5100	marine and estuarine sands	5110	pre-quaternary sand	5111		tertiary sand
				5120	quaternary sand	5121		holocene coastal sand with shells
						5122		delta sand
		5200	marine and estuarine clays and silts	5210	pre-quaternary clay and silt	5211		tertiary clay
						5212		tertiary silt
				5220	quaternary clay and silt	5221		holocene clay
						5222		holocene silt
		5300	fluvial sands and gravels	5310	river terrace sand or gravel	5311		river terrace sand
						5312		river terrace gravel
				5320	floodplain sand or	5321		floodplain sand
					gravel or loam or clay and silt	5322 5323 5324		floodplain gravel floodplain loam floodplain clay and silt
		5400	fluvial clays, silts and loams	5410	river clay and silt	5411		terrace clay and silt
						5412		terrace loam
				5420	overbank deposit	5421		overbank clay and silt
						5422		overbank loam
		5500	lake deposits	5510	lake sand and delta sand
				5520	lake marl, bog lime
				5530	lake silt
		5600	residual and redeposited loams from silicate rocks	5610	residual loam	5611		stony loam
						5612		clayey loam
				5620	redeposited loam	5621		running-ground
		5700	residual and redeposited clays from calcareous rocks	5710	residual clay	5711		clay with flints
						5712		ferruginous residual clay
						5713		calcareous clay
						5714		non-calcareous clay
						5715		marly clay
				5720	redeposited clay	5721		stony clay
		5800	slope deposits	5810	slope-wash alluvium
				5820	colluvial deposits
				5830	talus scree	5831		stratified slope deposits
6000	unconsolidated glacial deposits glacial drift	6100	morainic deposits	6110	glacial till	6111		boulder clay
						6112		calcareous
						6113		siliceous
						6114		mixed
				6120	glacial debris	6121		calcareous
						6122		siliceous
						6123		mixed
		6200	glaciofluvial deposits	6210	outwash sand, glacial sand	6211	calcareous
						6212	siliceous
						6213	mixed
				6220	outwash gravels glacial gravels	6221	calcareous
						6222	siliceous
						6223	mixed
		6300	glaciolacustrine deposits	6310	varves	6311		calcareous
						6312		siliceous
						6313		mixed
7000	eolian deposits	7100	loess	7110	loamy loess
				7120	sandy loess
		7200	eolian sands	7210	dune sand
				7220	cover sand
8000	organic materials	8100	peat (mires)	8110	rainwater fed moor peat (raised bog)
				8120	groundwater fed bog peat
		8200	slime and ooze deposits	8210	gyttja, sapropel
		8300	carbonaceaous rocks (caustobiolite)	8310	lignite (brown coal)
				8320	hard coal
				8330	anthracite
9000	anthropogenic deposits	9100	redeposited natural materials	9110	sand and gravel fill
				9120	loamy fill
		9200	dump deposits	9210	rubble/rubbish
				9220	industrial ashes and slag
				9230	industrial sludge
				9240	industrial waste
		9300	anthropogenic organic materials	9300	anthropogenic organic materials

WRB Classification

WRB-ADJ1: First soil adjective code of the STU from the World Reference Base for Soil Resources

WRB-ADJ2: Second soil adjective code of the STU from the World Reference Base for Soil

WRB-LEV1: Soil Reference Group code of the STU from the World Reference Base for Soil Resources

WRB-FULL: Full soil code of the STU from the World Reference Base for Soil Resources

Soil Reference Groups
AC	Acrisol	FL	Fluvisol	PZ	Podzol
AB	Albeluvisol	GL	Gleysol	RG	Regosol
AL	Alisol	GY	Gypsisol	SC	Solonchak
AN	Andosol	HS	Histosol	SN	Solonetz
AT	Anthrosol	KS	Kastanozem	UM	Umbrisol
AR	Arenosol	LP	Leptosol	VR	Vertisol
CL	Calcisol	LX	Lixisol	1	Town
CM	Cambisol	LV	Luvisol	2	Soil disturbed by man
CH	Chernozem	NT	Nitisol	3	Water body
CR	Cryosol	PH	Phaeozem	4	Marsh
DU	Durisol	PL	Planosol	5	Glacier
FR	Ferralsol	PT	Plinthosol	6	Rock outcrops

WRB‑ADJ
ap	Abruptic	fr	Ferric	mz	Mazic	rs	Rustic
ae	Aceric	fi	Fibric	me	Melanic	sz	Salic
ac	Acric	fv	Fluvic	ms	Mesotrophic	sa	Sapric
ao	Acroxic	fo	Folic	mo	Mollic	si	Silic
ab	Albic	fg	Fragic	na	Natric	sl	Siltic
ax	Alcalic	fu	Fulvic	ni	Nitic	sk	Skeletic
al	Alic	ga	Garbic	oh	Ochric	so	Sodic
au	Alumic	ge	Gelic	om	Ombric	sd	Spodic
an	Andic	gt	Gelistagnic	or	Orthic	sp	Spolic
aq	Anthraquic	gr	Geric	oa	Oxyaquic	st	Stagnic
am	Anthric	gi	Gibbsic	ph	Pachic	su	Sulphatic
ah	Anthropic	gc	Glacic	pe	Pellic	ty	Takyric
ar	Arenic	gl	Gleyic	pt	Petric	tf	Tephric
ai	Aric	gs	Glossic	pc	Petrocalcic	tr	Terric
ad	Aridic	gz	Greyic	pd	Petroduric	ti	Thionic
az	Arzic	gm	Grumic	pg	Petrogypsic	tx	Toxic
ca	Calcaric	gy	Gypsic	pp	Petroplinthic	tu	Turbic
cc	Calcic	gp	Gypsiric	ps	Petrosalic	um	Umbric
cb	Carbic	ha	Haplic	pi	Placic	ub	Urbic
cn	Carbonatic	hi	Histic	pa	Plaggic	vm	Vermic
ch	Chernic	ht	Hortic	pn	Planic	vr	Vertic
cl	Chloridic	hu	Humic	pl	Plinthic	vt	Vetic
cr	Chromic	hg	Hydragric	po	Posic	vi	Vitric
cy	Cryic	hy	Hydric	pf	Profondic	xa	Xanthic
ct	Cutanic	hk	Hyperskeletic	pr	Protic	ye	Yermic
dn	Densic	ir	Irragric	rd	Reductic	1	Town
du	Duric	II	Lamellic	rg	Regic	2	Soil disturbed by man
dy	Dystric	le	Leptic	rz	Rendzic	3	Water body
et	Entic	li	Lithic	rh	Rheic	4	Marsh
eu	Eutric	Ix	Lixic	ro	Rhodic	5	Glacier
es	Eutrisilic	Iv	Luvic	ru	Rubic	6	Rock outcrops
fl	Ferralic	mg	Magnesic	rp	Ruptic

SOIL QUALITIES AND INDICATORS TABLE

Bare deposits, urban areas and water bodies (no soil) are evaluated as percentage area of the whole pixel. It is assumed that soil qualities and indicators are evaluated for the remaining surface of the pixel. They should be calculated for the whole pixel (weighted average of all STUs of the pixel, based on local databases) and not only for the dominant STU (as it has been done for all other parameters). The methodologies and criteria used for the calculations of the total amount of organic carbon in the pixel (t) and soil erosion risk assessment (t/ha/year), are not previously defined, they can be decided by partners and afterwords described in detail in the metadata table.

SUR-BARE: percentage of pixel area covered by rock or bare deposits

SUR-URB: percentage of pixel area covered by urban surfaces

W-BODY: percentage of pixel area covered by water bodies

OC-SOIL soil organic carbon content in the pixel (t). To be calculated as weighted average of organic carbon content of the soil as a whole, considering also organic horizons.

ER-RISK: soil erosion risk assesment (t/ha/year). To be calculated as weighted average and/or by dominant class value, most limiting class and least limiting class.

METADATA DESCRIPTION TABLE

Detailed description of sources of data and methods.